中動結(jié)構(gòu)的認知闡釋

內(nèi)容概要

本論文對于西日耳曼語和漢語中的中動結(jié)構(gòu)進行了全面的描述。并從認知的角度對中動結(jié)構(gòu)的形成、構(gòu)句制約及其語義、句法特征進行了統(tǒng)一的闡釋。本論文主要做了以下四個方面的工作。 首先，本文確立了漢語非施事主語“起來”結(jié)構(gòu)的中動地位，并對其語義、句法特征進行了描述和分析。在過去的25年中，中動結(jié)構(gòu)一直是國外語言學界研究的一個熱點問題，其中尤以對歐洲語言的研究最為深入，研究表明中動語義具有跨語言普遍性。相比之下，漢語中動研究卻相對滯后。現(xiàn)有的研究主要是在生成語法框架內(nèi)進行的。通過用廣為接受的中動語義、句法標準來檢驗漢語非施事主語起來句[NP V起來Adj]，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)這一結(jié)構(gòu)體現(xiàn)了所有的中動語義，具有跟西日耳曼語中動結(jié)構(gòu)[NP V Adv]相同的語義特征和相似的句法表征。據(jù)此我們確立了其中動地位，這一結(jié)構(gòu)跟西日耳曼語中動結(jié)構(gòu)同屬阿克馬和舒萊默所歸納的類型—中動結(jié)構(gòu)。相對于西日耳曼語的中動結(jié)構(gòu)，漢語中動結(jié)構(gòu)能產(chǎn)性更高，事件的各種被動參與者甚至場景等都可以成為漢語中動結(jié)構(gòu)的主語。 其次本文證明了目前流行的對中動結(jié)構(gòu)的分析，如句法說和詞匯說，都存在較大問題，因而是不可行的

書籍目錄

Acknowledgements中文摘要AbstractChapter 1 Introduction  1.1 Middle constructions in languages  1.2 The middle construction and middle semantics  1.3 Studies on middles: past and present  1.4 Methodology and procedures  1.5 Goals of this study  1.6 A sketch map of the thesisChapter 2 Characteristics of Middles in West-Germanic Languages  2.1 Semantic classification of middles  2.2 The syntactic features of middles in West-Germarric languages    2.2.1 Passive-participant subject and active morphology    2.2.2 Tense and aspect    2.2.3 Adverbial  2.3 Semantic characteristics of middles in West-Germanic languages    2.3.1 Agent irrelevance and the implicit argument    2.3.2 Time-irrelevance and genericity, non-eventiveness    2.3.3 Passive participant and responsibility of subject, causative modality  2.4 Selectional restrictions on verbs and adverbials in middles    2.4.1 Middable verbs    2.4.2 Selectional restriction on adverbial  2.5 SummaryChapter 3 The Realization of Middle Semantics in Chinese　3.1 Chinese qilai construction　3.2 A preliminary syntactic analysis of the qilai construction...    3.2.1 Chinese qilai construction is not an elliptical structure...    3.2.2 The structural parsing of qilai construction    3.2.3 Chinese qilai construction is active in morphology  3.3 Middle voice verbs and the middle construction  3.4 The realization of middle semantics in the qilai construction...    3.4.1 The implicit argument and the irrelevance of agent    3.4.2 The realization of non-eventiveness    3.4.3 Modality and responsibility of subject    3.4.4 Genericity    3.4.5 Adverb and adverbial effect  3.5 Restrictions on qilai construction  3.6 The status and function of qilai  3.7 Other issues in middles    3.7.1 對于/就……而言/來說 and for-phrase    3.7.2 自己 and oneself in middles  3.8 SummaryChapter 4  Atypical Middles in Chinese and West-Germanic languages  4.1 Syntactic classification of middles  4.2 Adjunct middles in West-Germanic languages    4.2.1 What is adjunct?    4.2.2 The features of adjunct middles  4.3 Adjunct middles in Chinese  ……Chapter 5 Middles and Tough ConstructionsChapter 6 Middles and Syntactically Similar ConstructionsChapter 7 The Two MF Approaches and Their Problems Chapter 8 A Cognitive Approach to Middle ConstructionChapter 9 Conditions on Middle FormationChapter 10 Integrating the Features of MiddlesChapter 11 Conclusion References Author Index Subject Index

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　　《中動結(jié)構(gòu)的認知闡釋》對中動語義的定義為中動構(gòu)式用于表達一個被動參與者由于其某種內(nèi)在或賦予的特性，在促使動詞表達的事件以副詞或副詞性短語表達的方式發(fā)生的過程中所起的積極作用。中動是一種恒時性述謂，描述的并不是實際事件的發(fā)生，而是虛擬事件的特征。

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